Chapter 1 Electric charges and fields

The branch of electricity or physics deals with the study of nature forces fields and potentials rising from static charges is called electrostatics. The basic of this is the simplest form of an element which is called as atom.

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FROM THIS TOPIC

1.What is electrostatics? [Click on the Question to know Answer]
2.Explain basic structure of atom. [Click on the Question to know Answer]
3.What is frictional electricity? [Click on the Question to know Answer]
4.Who suggested they are two types of charge those are positive and negative? [Click on the Question to know Answer]
5.What is electrification? [Click on the Question to know Answer]

Now let’s see the origin of electric charge. Atom consists of Central part called nucleus inside the nucleus protons jar positively charged and neutrons which are neutral are present. The protons and neutrons together are called nucleons the particles which are revolving around the nucleus in various circular orbits are called electrons which are negatively charged.Below figure shows how the atoms protons electrons and neutrons are arranged.

In normal state of an atom the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons this equality is disturbed either by adding one electron or by removing one electron we can create a charge.The process of adding electron or by removing an electron is called electrification. This was first done by William Gilbert.

The electricity produced by rubbing to suitable bodies and electrons are transferred from one body to another body this is called frictional electricity. For example when a glass rod is rubbed with silk, glass rod acquire positive charge and Silk acquire negative charge.

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FROM THIS TOPIC

1.What is electrostatics? [Click on the Question to know Answer]
2.Explain basic structure of atom. [Click on the Question to know Answer]
3.What is frictional electricity? [Click on the Question to know Answer]
4.Who suggested they are two types of charge those are positive and negative? [Click on the Question to know Answer]
5.What is electrification? [Click on the Question to know Answer]

Second example when ebonite rod is rubbed with cats fur ebonate rod acquire negative charge and cats fur acquires positive charge.Third example when a bonate rod is rubbed with polythene when you born at acquire positive charge and polythene acquire negative of charges positive or negative suggested by Benjamin Franklin.