A. Fundamental / Basic Research
Paragraph-wise Explanation
Fundamental research is conducted to advance theoretical knowledge without immediate practical application. It focuses on uncovering general principles, developing theories, and expanding academic understanding. Basic research aims to create new concepts and frameworks that can later be applied in practical settings. It is curiosity-driven and forms the foundation of scientific progress.
Point-wise Notes
- Expands theoretical knowledge.
- No immediate practical purpose.
- Driven by curiosity and intellectual inquiry.
- Forms the basis for scientific theories and models.
- Example: studying how memory works, discovering a new particle, exploring mathematical relationships.
B. Applied Research
Paragraph-wise Explanation
Applied research aims at finding practical solutions to specific, real-world problems. It uses existing theories and scientific principles to develop solutions, policies, products, or interventions. The outcomes directly benefit organizations, industries, communities, or society. Applied research is mission-oriented and often interdisciplinary.
Point-wise Notes
- Seeks practical, real-world solutions.
- Directly applicable to industry, government, policy, healthcare, education, etc.
- Uses theories from basic research to solve specific problems.
- Examples: developing a vaccine, improving a teaching method, creating a new technology.
